Securities and Exchange Commission

SEC Examines Whether Banks Are Complying With Capital Rules

Published on: February 20, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The Securities and Exchange Commission is looking at efforts by banks to comply with capital rules. The regulator is searching for improper activities involving the way these financial institutions value complicated assets, as well as transactions used to transfer risks to other entities.

Following the financial crisis, when governments were compelled to rescue banks, regulators have increased how much capital lenders must hold in relation to assets. It has been the job of publicly traded banks to conform to new regulations. However, these new pressures may be compelling some to engage in certain behaviors, such as inaccurate valuations of the holdings of traders to improve profits.

Since the 2008 economic crisis, banks have upped capital requirements by keeping earnings and putting out shares. They’ve also reduced assets according to the rules that weight assets by risks. According to Bloomberg data, the five biggest Wall Street banks have gotten rid of over $200 billion—nearly 25% of risk-weighted assets linked to trading books in the eighteen months through September 2014. Banks have also modified models, lowered trading positions, and incorporated new rules.

SEC Commissioners Oppose Regulator’s Leniency Toward Oppenheimer, Despite Violations

Published on: February 12, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

SEC Commissioners Luis Aguilar and Kara Stein, both Democrats, say that they were among those that voted to grant Oppenheimer & Co. (OPY) special benefits even after the brokerage firm committed rules violations. It was just last month that the broker-dealer consented to pay a $20 million penalty while admitting to failures and resolving charges related to its failure to detect money laundering.

In that case, also settle with the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, the firm did not properly identify and report suspicious penny stock trades, even though numerous Oppenheimer customers reportedly were involved in such activities. The broker-dealer admitted that it failed to establish a suitable anti-money laundering program and did not perform proper due diligence on a foreign correspondent account.

Yet, the regulator overturned the automatic disqualification that should have come with the violation. That happened when SEC Chairman Mary Jo White and the other two members (both Republicans) outvoted the Democratic member. Now, Oppenheimer is allowed to continue selling hedge funds to rich individuals. As part of the condition for the leniency, the broker-dealer will retain a law firm and consultant to make sure that its procedures and policies fall in compliance.

SEC Adopts Rules Improving Transparency in the Security-Based Swap Market

Published on: January 22, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The Securities and Exchange Commission has adopted rules mandating that security-based swap data repositories register with the regulator. They also prescribe public dissemination and reporting requirements for security-based swap transaction information.

The rules were mandated under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act’s Title VII and they are supposed to increase transparency in the security-based swap market, while establishing a regulatory framework for “swap data repositories.”

The new rules require that data warehouses not only register with the Commission but also that they set up governance standards, appoint a chief compliance officer, and require the reporting of certain information to the public. For now, all swaps will have to be reported within 24 hours. This requirement could change as regulators examine the way this impacts the cost and ability of financial firms to execute large trades. The big banks that currently dominate the swaps market in the United States are Goldman Sachs Group Inc. (GS), JP Morgan Chase & Co. (JPM), Citigroup (C), Bank of America Corp. (BAC), and Morgan Stanley (MS).

BATS Global Market Settles Stock Exchange-Related Claims Involving High-Frequency Traders for $14M

Published on: January 13, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is charging BATS Global Markets Inc. $14 million to resolve claims that two of the exchanges that the company purchased last year did not disclose important information to investors about the way the markets work. The settlement resolves the regulator’s probe into the way Direct Edge Holdings LLC gave certain high-speed traders the upper hand over others by withholding details about certain orders. Direct Edge and BATS merged together in 2014.

Order types are the directions investors use to trade on exchanges. High-frequency traders will often use complex versions of order types to compete in today’s fast markets. In 2009, Direct Edge offered up a number of new order types after talking with two high-frequency trading firms. However, what it purportedly did not do was properly disclose to the pubic the way the order types worked.

In the SEC order, the agency notes that one trading firm, whose name was not disclosed, told Direct Edge that if it introduced a certain order type, the firm would up the number of orders by over four million more.

Alternative Fund Manager Faces SEC Case, Criminal Charges Alleging $16M Fraud Involving Fake Loans and GL Beyond Income Fund

Published on: January 9, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has filed a civil case against alternative fund manager Daniel Thibeault accusing him of taking some $16 million in assets from the GL Beyond Income Fund (GLBFX). Thibeault was arrested on securities fraud charges over the same matter last month.

According to the SEC, Thibeault took out faked loans using Taft Financial Services, which is an intermediary that he allegedly controlled, to steal money from the funds. The purported securities scam is said to have begun in 2013, after the GL fund started losing money. The Commission says that in certain cases documents for the loans that were withdrawn via Taft are missing or had errors in them, including inaccurate birth dates for borrowers.

The regulator’s complaint also names GL Investment Services, which Thibeault indirectly owns. The registered investment adviser, which had about $130 million in assets from approximately 700 clients, is accused of advising customers to put money in the GL fund.

Avon, Bruker Corp. Face FCPA Charges by the SEC

Published on: December 30, 2014 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The Securities and Exchange Commission is charging Avon Products Inc. with Foreign Corrupt Practices Act violations. The regulator claims that the global beauty products company did not put into place controls that could have allowed it to detect and stop gifts and payments made to Chinese government officials. To settle the SEC charges, as well as a parallel case brought by the U.S. Justice Department, Avon entities have consented to pay $135M.

According to the SEC, Avon’s Chinese subsidiary made $8 million of payments in gifts, money, travel, and entertainment to obtain access to government officials involved in direct selling regulations in China. Avon wanted to be the first to test the regulations and in 2006 it was the first to obtain a direct selling business license in that country. Improper payments were purportedly made by the company to prevent negative news stories and fines that could have affected its image. Such payments allegedly included paid travel within China or to Europe or the US, expensive designer gifts, and corporate box tickets to the China Open.

The improper payments allegedly happened from 2004 to 2008. After discovering the possible FCPA issues at the Chinese subsidiary in 2015 and looking further into the matter, no reforms were made. It wasn’t until 2008 that a full internal probe was conducted and only after a whistleblower sent Avon’s CEO a letter.

Morgan Stanley Fined $4M by the SEC for Market Access Rule Violation

Published on: December 12, 2014 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The Securities and Exchange Commission is ordering Morgan Stanley (MS) to pay $4 million for violating the market access rule. The rule mandates that brokerage firms implement adequate risk controls before giving customers market access. An SEC probe, however, found that Morgan Stanley, which gives institutional customers direct market access via an electronic trading desk, did not have the necessary controls in place to stop a rogue trader from putting in orders that went over pre-set trading thresholds.

David Miller, who was an institutional sales trader, then purportedly exploited access to the market. Without Morgan Stanley’s knowledge, he committed financial fraud that would later result in the closure of Rochdale Securities, which was the financial firm where he worked. Miller, who has since partially settled the SEC’s case, pleaded guilty to parallel criminal charges. He was sentenced to 30 months behind bars.

Miller misrepresented to Rochdale Securities that a customer had given the authorization to buy Apple stock. While the customer order was for the purchase of 1,625 Apple shares, Miller instead put in numerous orders, buying 1.625 million shares. He intended to share in the profit if the stock made money but if it didn’t he planned to say he made a mistake about the order’s size.

Ex-Ameriprise Manager Who Helped with SAC Capital Insider Trading Case Settles Charges Against Her

Published on: December 9, 2014 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

Former Ameriprise Financial (AMP) Manager Reema D. Shah, who pleaded guilty to securities fraud earlier this year, will pay $390,103 to settle both the criminal and Securities and Exchange Commission cases against her. Shah, who was a tech stock picker for Ameriprise subsidiary RiverSource Investments, LLC, illegally recommended Yahoo Inc. stock in 2009 after she became privy to nonpublic data about a search engine partnership between the technology company and Microsoft Corp.

According to government officials, Shah traded information between ’04 and ’09 with research analysts, hedge fund managers, and consultants, including Robert W. Kwok, who was the source of the data about Yahoo and Microsoft. Shah previously gave information to Kwok about the company Autodesk and its acquisition of Moldflow Corporation. Kwok went on to buy 1,500 Moldflow shares, allegedly because of the tip, and made a $4,750 profit.

The regulator claims that because of the insider trading information that Kwok gave her, Shah compelled certain funds that she helped manage to buy about $700,000 Yahoo shares. These were later sold at a $388,807 profit.

SEC Claims Fraud Involving a REIT and Bogus Senior Resident Occupants

Published on: December 3, 2014 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission claims that two ex-executives at Assisted Living Concepts Inc. committed fraud by listing bogus occupants at certain senior residences to satisfy the lease requirements to run the facilities. The regulator is accusing former CFO John Buono and previous CEO Laurie Bebo of coming up with a scam that included bogus disclosures and manipulation of records and books when it started to look as if Wisconsin-based assisted living provider was going to default on covenants in a lease agreement with Ventas Inc., which is a real estate investment trust.

Per the covenants, ALC was obligated to keep up minimum occupancy rates and coverage rations while running the facilities or otherwise default on the lease. A default would have obligated the company to pay whatever rent was due for the lease’s remainder of term, which would have been tens of millions of dollars.

According to the SEC Enforcement Division, to meet covenant requirements Buono and Bebo told accounting personnel to work out coverage ratios and occupancy rates by factoring in phony occupants. These nonexistent occupants included Bebo’s relatives and friends, in addition to previous and former ALC employees (including some who had been fired and who hadn’t yet been officially hired), as well as a seven-year-old “senior resident.” Without this false information, contends the agency, ALC would have not met convenant requirements by substantial margins for several quarters in a row.

SEC Issues 2014 Whistleblower Program Report

Published on: November 22, 2014 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

According to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s 2014 Annual Report to Congress on the Dodd-Frank Whistleblower Program, the regulator issued nine whistleblower awards, including one $30 million award issued to one whistleblower.

The report states that over 40% of those who received awards were either former or present employees of the companies on which they reported. 80% of these whistleblowers tried to bring up the issues to the companies first before going to the regulator. They only approached the regulator after an employer did not act to rectify the misconduct. Whistleblower award recipients also included fraud victims, individuals with personal ties to the fraudsters, consultants, and contractors.

The SEC also noted that it brought its first enforcement action against an employer that retaliated against a whistleblower. The Dodd-Frank Act has an anti-retaliation program that is supposed to protect individuals who bring a whistleblower claim. In that action, Paradigm Capital Management got into trouble for retaliating against a trader who told the SEC that the firm had taken part in allegedly unlawful transactions. Paradigm was ordered by the SEC to pay $2.2 million to resolve the employee’s retaliation claim.