Investor Lawyers Blog

Court Refuses to Overturn Criminal Conviction of Ex-UBS/Citigroup Trader

Published on: December 28, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

In the U.K., a panel for the Court of Appeal refused to overturn the criminal conviction of ex-UBS (UBS) and Citigroup (C) trader. Tom Hayes is behind bars for conspiring to rig Libor. However, while his conviction will stand, the panel did lower his criminal sentence from 14 years to 11 years, citing his non-managerial role at the two banks and his diagnosis of mild Asperger’s.

Hayes is considered the main leader, spurring dozens of traders to manipulate the London interbank offered rate. However, his lawyers claim that Hayes did not hide his conduct from others at the bank and never considered his actions dishonest. Hayes said that his behavior was common in his industry.

When he voluntarily testified before prosecutors, Hayes admitted to manipulating rates. He also testified against a number of ex-friends and colleagues. Hayes also is facing criminal charges in the U.S.

Libor helps shape the borrowing costs for trillions of dollars in loans. Banks set rates, including Libor, by turning in rates at which they would be willing to lend each other money in different currencies and at different maturities.

Man Released from Prison Faces New Fraud Charges in $11M Investor Stock Scam

Published on: December 26, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The Securities and Exchange Commission is charging Edward Durante with bilking investors once again. Durante, who already served a 10-year sentence for a previous securities fraud conviction, is accused of using different aliases to defraud even more investors of millions of dollars and hiding his criminal past.

According to the regulator, Durante sold shares of a shell company that he was secretly in control of and told investors that stock sale proceeds would support the company’s operations. Instead, he allegedly used the funds for his own spending while the company’s stock was worthless.

The Commission contends that Durante started planning this scam while in prison. He purportedly used the name Anthony Walsh to acquire VGTel Inc. He scammed at least 50 inexperienced investors of at least $11 million by selling them this shell company’s stock. (Financial Advisor magazine places the number of investors bilked at closer to 100 investors.)
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FINRA News: Regulator Seeks to Restrict Brokers’ Political Contributions, Sends SEC Proposal Regarding Broker-Compensation, and Fines Firm $2.95M Over Inaccurate Blue Sheet Data

Published on: December 26, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) is proposing rules that would limit how much in political contributions brokers would be allowed to make to avoid conflicts of interest. FINRA is now calling for feedback during the comment period regarding the proposed rule, which runs for 21 days after notice is published in the Federal Register.

Under the proposed rule, brokers would have a contribution cap of $350 during an election year and $150 during any other year. Should a broker contribute beyond these caps, there would not be a penalty as long as a refund is issued within four months of the donation’s receipt. A failure to satisfy exemptions will lead to a bar for the broker from being allowed to solicit a government entity or official for business purposes for two years after the donation was made.

It was in 2010 that the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) adopted “pay-to-play” rules that placed investment advisers under the same limits.

Cantor Fitzgerald to Pay $7.3M Over Microcap Sales

Published on: December 24, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) is ordering Cantor Fitzgerald to pay $7.3 million for selling billions of unregistered microcap shares in 2011 and 2012. The firm is also facing sanctions for not having the proper supervisory /anti-money laundering programs in place to identify suspect activity or red flags related to microcap activity.

According to the self-regulatory organization, the Cantor Fitzgerald’s supervisory system was not designed in a reasonable enough manner to fulfill its obligation to assess whether the microcap securities it was liquidating for clients were SEC-registered or, if not, then were subject to a registration exemption. FINRA said that after Cantor Fitzgerald decided to broaden its microcap liquidity business in 2011, it did not make sure its supervisory system had a meaningful and reasonable way to determine whether the sales of these securities occurred in compliance with the law. Also, said the regulator, the firm did not provide proper guidance and training about how or when to look into whether a sale was exempt from SEC registration, and supervisors were not given the tools that they needed to identify when red flags were an indicator of unregistered, illegal distributions.
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US Continues Its Probe As Deutsche Bank Alleges $10B in Suspect Russia Trades

Published on: December 23, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

To date, Deutsche Bank AG (DB) says it has identified $10 billion in suspect trades that may not have been checked for money laundering. In the review, uncovered $6 billion of mirror trades involving its operations in Russia. According to a Russian central bank report, there are clients using rubles to purchase Russian shares and then selling them in London at the same time, usually for dollars. While mirror trades are legal in certain situations, they can be used to circumvent U.S. rules related to reporting money as it moves internationally. The German lender notified international authorities of its investigation a few months back.

According to Bloomberg, prosecutors in the United States have been investigating whether the bank’s dealings with the mirror trades violated U.S. rules regarding money laundering. Already, Russia’s central bank has fined Deutsche Bank after examining the latter’s trading in that country. Also, a source reportedly told Bloomberg that Russia’s regulator said that Deutsche Bank was the victim of an illegal scam and has since dealt with its related shortcomings.

The transactions under investigation include those involving trading in an account that was consistently involved in buy orders. In addition to the “mirror trades,” the investigation uncovered $4 billion of suspect trades that may have been conducted with another bank.

Fidelity Must Pay $1M Penalty For Failing to Detect Elder Financial Fraud

Published on: December 22, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) has imposed an over $1 million penalty on Fidelity Investment’s Fidelity Brokerage Services (Fidelity) for failing to protect clients from a financial fraud committed by a woman pretending to be a broker for the firm. Lisa A. Lewis (Lewis) stole over $1 million from customers, most of whom were elderly investors. FINRA says that the firm’s retail brokerage arm should have been able to detect the scam, but Lewis was able to perpetrate her fraud because Fidelity’s supervisory controls were lax.

According to the self-regulatory organization (SRO), from August 2006 to May 2013, Lewis told customers from a firm she was fired from for purported check-kiting and improperly borrowing customer funds that she was with Fidelity, when she had no such connection to the firm. Lewis set up Fidelity accounts by using the personal data of nine people and placed the accounts in their name, as well as established joint accounts with them in which she named herself co-owner. Lewis then had all communication regarding the accounts sent to her. Lewis was able to set up over 50 individual and joint accounts at the firm. She proceeded to convert assets from these accounts for her own benefit.

Last year, Lewis pleaded guilty to wire fraud related to the elder financial fraud scam, and she is now behind bars where she is serving a 15-year prison term. She also has to pay over $2 million in restitution to the customers she harmed.
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JPMorgan Chase Resolves “London Whale” Class Action Securities Lawsuit for $150M

Published on: December 22, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

JPMorgan Chase & Co. (JPM) will pay $150 million to resolve investor claims accusing the firm of concealing up to $6.2 billion in losses caused by the trader Bruno Iksil, who was given the nickname “London Whale.” Pension funds filed a class action securities case accusing the firm of using its investment office in London as a secret hedge fund. According to the plaintiffs, the bank told them that the office was managing risk when what it was actually doing was making trades for profit. Investors were harmed when huge losses resulting from transactions made through the London office caused the bank’s share price to drop.

The pension funds said that they suffered tens of millions of dollars of losses because fund managers were provided with information that was “false and misleading.” They also believe that the bank knowingly concealed the growing risks that were occurring at the London office.

Plaintiffs of this lawsuit include the Ohio Public Employees Retirement System, which says it lost $2.5 million, the Arkansas Teacher Retirement System, the state of Ohio, funds in Arkansas, Swedish pension fund AP7, and other JP Morgan shareholders that purchased stock between 2/24/10—this is when the company submitted to regulators its 2009 earnings report—and 5/21/12. The latter date is when the firm announced that it was stopping a $15 billion share buyback program until it could get a better handle of the losses sustained.

Turing Pharmaceutical Martin Shkreli is Arrested, Faces Criminal and Hedge Fund Fraud Charges

Published on: December 21, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

Ex-Retrophin CEO Martin Shkreli has been charged with fraud based on the time he worked as a hedge fund manager. The Securities and Exchange Commission claims the 32-year-old, who has just stepped down as the CEO of Turing Pharmaceutical, misappropriated funds from two hedge funds, made material misrepresentations, and engaged in other misconduct. His former outside counsel Evan Greebel faces SEC charges of aiding and abetting Shkreli’s alleged fraud.

According to the regulator’s complaint, the purported fraud occurred between 2009 and 2014 when Shkreli was portfolio manager for MSMB Capital Management LLP and MSMB Healthcare LP, which he both founded. The Commission claims Shkreli misappropriated about $120K from MSMB Capital Management to pay for personal expenses while misleading investors about the hedge fund and its size and performance. Shkreli said in July 2010 that the fund had returned over 35% when it actually lost about 18%.

Some of the other allegations against Shkreli are that he lied to one of the hedge fund’s executing brokers about its ability to sell a substantial short position in a pharmaceutical stock in an account. Because of this, the broker lost over $7 million, which this person then had to cover in the open market. Shkreli is also accused of misappropriating $900K in 2013 to resolve claims made by said broker from the short selling losses.

As for Greebel, he is accused of helping Shkreli to fraudulently persuade Retrophin, when he was CEO, to pay dissatisfied investors of his hedge fund who were threatening to take legal action. The two men allegedly had investors go into agreements with the pharmaceutical company by claiming that they were paying for consulting service when what they were doing was releasing Shkreli from possible claims. SEC Director Andrew Calamari said that the attorney’s purported involvement in the hedge fund fraud violated legal boundaries as well as ethical and professional duties.
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Former RBS Bond Trader Pleads Guilty to Fraud

Published on: December 21, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

Adam Siegel, an ex-Royal Bank of Scotland Group Plc (RBS) bond trader, has plead guilty to fraud over his involvement in a multi-million dollar scheme in which he lied to customers so that they would pay higher prices for bonds. Siegel, 37, served as the co-head of RBS’s U.S. Asset-Backed Securities, Mortgage-Backed Securities and Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities Trading groups. He supervised and traded fixed income investment securities, including collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) and residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS).

According to prosecutors, Siegel and others lied about the asking price of sellers to buyers, as well as the price that buyers were willing to pay to sellers, while pocketing the difference. He made misrepresentations so that customers would pay higher prices while those selling bonds would end up getting deflated prices, both of which benefitted RBS.

Sometimes, he and co-conspirators would make misrepresentations to buyers by telling them that a fake third-party was selling the bonds. This allowed the firm to charge an unwarranted commission.

Investors With Junk Bond Exposure Beware

Published on: December 19, 2015 | by Shepherd Smith Edwards & Kantas, LLP

In the wake of news that the junk bond fund Third Avenue Focused Credit Fund (TFCVX) is now blocking money redemption, investors have started to worry about similar investments. The inability of TFCVX to give investors their money back is raising concerns about liquidity in corporate bond markets, as well as questions about how problematic it can be when investors have high risk assets that no one wants to buy (a problem that was at the center of the 2008 financial crisis).

What are Junk Bonds?
So called “junk bonds” are bonds that have been rated below investment grade by the major rating agencies (i.e., below BBB by S&P). These bonds typically pay more than higher rated bonds, but they are high risk and can default or lose significant value in a short period. People tend to invest more money into junk bonds when the economy is doing well, and, as has been the case for a number of years, interest rates on more traditional bonds or fixed income investments are low. However, when junk bonds start defaulting or get further downgrades, investors are forced to realize significant losses, often in very short periods.

In the wake of Third Avenue Focused Credit Fund’s collapse, there are those who are worried that more funds, including hedge funds and mutual funds, may follow. For example, a hedge fund managed by Stone Lion Capital Partners also recently decided to suspend redemptions. You can read more about that here.

InvestmentNews recently put together a list of 10 credit funds that, according to Morningstar, have a high level of exposure to junk bonds:

· Federated High Yield Service (FHYTX)
· Waddell & Reed High-Income A (UNHIX)
· Osterweis Strategic Income (OSTIX)
· Fidelity Advisor High Income Advantage A (FAHDX)
· Ivy High Income C (WRHIX)
· Third Avenue Focused Credit Instl (TFCIX)
· Artisan High Income Advisor (APDFX)
· American Funds American High-Inc A (AHITX)
· Western Asset Short Duration High Inc B (SHICX)
· Northern Multi Manager Hi Yield Opp (NMHYX)
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