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The SEC has ordered investment adviser Montford Associates and Ernest Montford Sr. to pay $650K in penalties for failing to disclose that it had received $210K from an allegedly fraudulent hedge fund that it had recommended to clients. The name of the fund is SJK Investment Management. Its owner, Stanley Kowalewski, is accused of using the fund to commit a $16.5 million fraud. Investors that put their money in the fund included the Tallulah Falls School’s endowment program, St. Joseph’s/Candler Hospital System, Georgia Ports Authority, Sea Island Co. Retirement Plan, and Savannah Country Day School Foundation.

Although Montford Associates and Ernest Montford are not accused of involvement in Kowalewski’s securities fraud, the two of them allegedly lied to investors by not telling them about the compensation they were getting for the referrals. Montford and his investment adviser firm were paid “marketing and syndication fees” and “consulting services.”

The SEC contends that failure to disclose the payments for the recommendations violates federal securities laws. The Commission also says that even though Montford was aware that these nonprofits, many of them charitable organizations and schools, were run by part-time volunteers that depended on his investment advice and he knew they wanted consistent, stable investments, he still pushed them to move their investments to SJK so that Kowalewski could manage their money.

In addition to the $650,000 penalty, Montford Associates and Montford must pay disgorgements of $130,000 and $80,000, each with prejudgment interest. They also must set up a Fair Fund so that their clients that were harmed can use the penalties and disgorgement. Both must also cease and desist from committing/causing future violations of the Advisers Act and Advisers Act Rule 204-1(a)(2). Montford also is barred from associating with brokers, investment advisers, municipal securities dealers, dealers, transfer agents, municipal advisors, and nationally recognized statistical rating organizations.

As for the SEC’s hedge fund fraud case against Stanley Kowalewski, the Commission is accusing the hedge fund manager of using millions of dollars in client funds to buy his residence and a beach home and directing $10 million in unfounded fees to his investment management company and himself. He allegedly tried to hide his financial scam by sending fraudulent account statements to investors each month. These updates grossly exaggerated the actual values of assets and returns.


SEC Fines Adviser Over Ties To Hedge Fund Accused Of Fraud
, FINalternatives.com, April 30, 2012

Securities and Exchange Commission v. Stanley J. Kowalewski, et al, Case No. 1:11-cv-00056-TCB (N.D. Ga.), SEC.gov, August 29, 2011


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Institutional Investor Fraud Roundup: SEC Seeks Approval of Settlement with Ex-Bear Stearns Portfolio Managers, Credits Ex-AXA Rosenberg Executive for Help in Quantitative Investment Case; IOSCO Gets Ready for Global Hedge Fund Survey, Institutional Investor Securities Fraud, March 29, 2012

Insider Trading: Former FrontPoint Partners Hedge Fund Manager Pleads Guilty to Criminal Charges, Institutional Investor Securities Fraud, August 20, 2011

Silicon Valley Man Faces SEC Securities Fraud Charge After Allegedly Bilking Internet Start-Up Investors of the “Next Google” of Millions, Stockbroker Fraud Blog, April 19, 2012

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The U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Florida has decided not to throw out a securities fraud lawsuit filed by a couple of unsophisticated investors contending that allegedly false oral misrepresentations were made to them causing them to think that their money would be placed in low risk, conservative investments when, in fact, the financial instruments recommended for them were very volatile and speculative. The case is Hemenway v. Bartoletta.

Plaintiff Jason Hemenway had received about $13.8 million in a lump sum after winning the Florida lottery in 2007. He and his wife then opened up an investment account at Capital City Bank Trust Co. Although they expressed a preference for investments with low risks, two of the financial firm’s representatives, private equity group High Street Capital Management LLC managers John Bartoletta and Erick Arnett, convinced the couple to move their money to a hedge fund limited partnership. High Street was that fund’s general partner.

Arnett and Bartoletta allegedly told the Hemenways that the investment was conservative and safe even though it wasn’t really appropriate for unsophisticated investors. The two men also failed to mention that the interests of the limited partnership were a lot risker than traditional equities and bonds and weren’t in line with the couple’s risk tolerance or investment goals.

Over 14 months the couple lost about $1.2 million. That is when they filed a federal securities fraud lawsuit against Bartoletta, Arnett, and High Street Capital Management, LLC, High Street Financial, LLC, and High Street Group, LLC.

The defendants sought to have the federal securities case dismissed on the grounds of failure to state a claim. Not only did they want the other allegations dropped due to lack of subject matter jurisdiction, but also they argued that the alleged misrepresentations and omissions could be countered because the plaintiffs had been given written documents that contradicted the statements made to them. Countering the defendants’ reasons for why the case should be dismissed, the plaintiffs argued that even though they were given written materials to counter any alleged misrepresentations (and omissions), they still had a valid claim under the 1934 Securities Exchange Act Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5.

Explaining its decision to reject the defendants’ dismissal motion, the district court noted that although per “usual presumption” a plaintiff has no justification for depending on oral representation rather than what is written, a previous decision issued by an appeals court in another case, Bruschi v. Brow, had found that there are circumstances that warrant a departure from this presumption. That ruling took into consideration the plaintiff’s sophistication regarding financial matters (or lack thereof), whether the defendant and plaintiff have a longstanding relationship and if it is a fiduciary one, how much access the plaintiff had to material information, if the plaintiff was the one that sought the transaction, and the specifics of the alleged misrepresentations.

Now, in Hemenway v. Bartoletta, this court has found that “no single factor” was “dispositive” and that all factors must be considered when deciding whether reliance is merited. Therefore, the defendants’ motion to dismiss is denied.

Hemenway v. Bartoletta

Reliance Issues Bar Dismissal Of Suit by Unsophisticated Investors,Bloomberg/BNA, April 19, 2012

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Metlife (MET) is suing Morgan Stanley (MS) for securities fraud. According to Bloomberg, the insurance company bought over $757 million in residential mortgage-backed securities from the financial firm in 2006 and 2007. In the institutional investment fraud lawsuit, Morgan Stanley had vouched that the properties behind the loans were “accurately appraised” and that the loans met underwriting guidelines. The insurer, however, contends that the loans’ originators were actually some of the subprime lending industry’s “worst culprits.”

The RMBS lawsuit comes right after MetLife agreed to pay half a billion dollars to settle a probe by a number of states over its payment practices. The investigation involves the Social Security “Death Master” file, which includes a list of names of people who have recently passed away. Insurance companies are accused of using the list to stop issuing to dead clients their annuity payments and not using the list to confirm that life insurance policyholders had died.

MetLife announced on Thursday that it was leaving the reverse mortgage industry. Nationstar Mortgage LLC (NSM) will buy its portfolio. The move is a big change for the insurance company, which had been the market leader.

Meantime, Morgan Stanley has been battling other residential mortgage-backed securities lawsuits. Earlier this year, Sealink Funding Ltd. filed a case against it over more than $556 million in RMBS that it purchased. Sealink Funding, a European fund, was set up to manage Landesbank Sachsen AG’s most high-risk assets.

The fund bought the securities from Morgan Stanley after the financial firm said it had done its due diligence on the lenders of the investments and that the loans satisfied underwriting standards and merited their AAA ratings. Sealink called the loans’ originators among the subprime lending industry’s “worst culprits.”

Last year, Allstate Insurance Co. (ALL) filed its RMBS lawsuit against Morgan Stanley over more than $104 million in RMBS it bought in several offerings. The insurer’s contention over reassurances the financial firm made about the securities is similar to the allegations made by Sealink and Metlife. Allstate has also filed RMBS lawsuits against other financial firms, including Merrill Lynch (MER) units, Citigroup Inc. (C), and Bank of America Corp.’s (BAC) Countrywide.

As previously noted by SEC Enforcement director Robert Khuzami, mortgage products played a crucial role in the financial crisis that began a few years ago. Unprecedented losses resulted when mortgage-backed securities failed. Many institutional investors are still trying to recover. They claim they were misled about the risks involved and they want their money back.

MetLife Pays $500 Million To Settle Probe Into Unpaid Claims For Dead Policy Holders, Huffington Post, April 23, 2012

MetLife to pay $500 million in multi-state death benefits probe, Los Angeles Times, April 23, 2012

Morgan Stanley Sued by Allstate on Mortgage Claims, Bloomberg, August 18, 2011

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Ralph Edward Thomas Jr., a former broker has been permanently barred from the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. Thomas, who misappropriated money from three clients, including a child suffering from cerebral palsy, has been sentenced to a prison term of four years. He also must pay $836,000 in restitution.

According to prosecutors, the former broker stole the money over several years. More than $750,000 came from the child’s trust fund, which held the proceeds from a medical malpractice settlement he received for $3 million. During this time, he worked for Invest Financial Corporation, Harbor Financial Services, and Wells Fargo Advisors, which terminated him as their broker in 2010.

This case of securities fraud started after the child’s mom moved the trust to the bank in 2001. This gave Thomas control over the money. He would give out up to $1,500 of the child’s almost $6,300 in monthly annuity payments. He would then use withdrawal slips with the mother’s signature already written on it to buy cashier’s checks and take out money. He would deposit the checks in his personal accounts at other banks. In addition to the over $750,000 that he converted from the child’s account, Thomas converted $12,500 of the mother’s money.

In the wake of criticism that the Securities and Exchange Commission has not done enough to assess its rules’ economic impact, its Office of the General Counsel and Risk, Strategy, and Financial Innovation Division is providing staff with guidance that it needs to conduct a more thorough economic analysis during the entire rule writing process. One of the requirements is that there must be a cost-benefit evaluation when rules that are congressionally mandated or discretionary are involved. This guidance is now binding.

However, SEC Chairman Mary Schapiro was quick to point out to the House Oversight Subcommittee on TARP and Financial Services that many of the rules that are written already follow this guidance. Now, staff will assess the cost-benefits of 28 rules that the Commission is proposing in the wake of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act.

The guidance comes following a report that was issued in January. In it, the Office of the Inspector General blamed the SEC for not conducting cost-benefit analysis when writing Dodd-Frank mandated rules. In addition to providing more comprehensive cost-benefit analysis, the SEC must also note the justification for the proposed rule, identify reasonable options to the rule, evaluate any economic repercussions, and find a baseline point for beginning the analysis. The SEC will be hiring more than three dozen economists to join its staff. If the Commission ends up being able to properly implement this guidance, then Congress may have to legislate.

In a default decision, San Antonio broker-dealer Pinnacle Partners Financial, Corp. has been expelled by a FINRA hearing officer for Texas securities fraud. The company’s president Brian Alfaro has also been barred. The financial firm and its head are accused of running a boiler room, engaging in the fraudulent selling of unregistered securities and private placements for gas and oil, and making numerous misrepresentations related to these investments. Alfaro is also accused of taking some of the investors’ money to pay for personal spending and unrelated business costs. The default decision was issued after Alfaro failed to show up at the FINRA panel hearing.

It was a year ago that FINRA issued an indefinite suspension against Alfaro and Pinnacle for not complying with a temporary order to cease and desist from making fraudulent misrepresentations. The two parties, however, allegedly kept making them, in addition to omissions related to the sale and offering of specific oil and gas joint interests.

According to the hearing officer, the Texas securities firm and its president operated the boiler room between August 2008 and March 2011. 10 brokers made cold calls numbering in the thousands to draw in investors for drilling investments involving gas and oil that was controlled or owned by Alfaro. They were able to get over 100 investors to put in more than $10 million.

Allegedly, between January 2009 and March 2011, Alfaro misused some of these monies, which investors thought were going toward well production and drilling, to cover some of his personal spending and other businesses. The misrepresentations and omissions that they are accused of purposely making in numerous private placements about a number of matters, include those involving inflated natural gas prices, cash flow, gross returns, and projected returns for natural gas. For example, they allegedly gave out a document claiming that over $14 million had been distributed to investors when, in fact, that figure was closer to under $1.5 million. Alfaro and Pinnacle also supposedly got rid of unfavorable, key information from well operator reports and gave investors maps that didn’t show undesirable wells that were located close to sites where drilling was supposed to take place.

To make restitution, Pinnacle and Alfaro will have to rescind the contracts of those that invested in the fraudulent offerings. They also must pay back the sales commission to clients who don’t ask for rescission.

FINRA Hearing Officer Expels Pinnacle Partners Financial Corp. and Bars President for Fraud, MarketWatch, April 25, 2012
Texas broker-dealer expelled by FINRA hearing officer, Reuters, April 25, 2012

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H & R Block (HRB) subsidiary Option One Mortgage Corporation has agreed to pay $28.2 million to settle Securities and Exchange Commission charges that it misled investors in over $4B in residential mortgage-backed securities when it failed to let them know that the company’s financial health was deteriorating. According to the SEC, Option One, which is now called Sand Canyon Corporation, promised these investors that it would replace or buy back mortgages that breached warranties or misrepresentations, even though it was unlikely that the mortgage lender would be able to fulfill these obligations.

Leading up to the 2007 fiscal year, Option One had originations of $40 billion during the year prior and was among the country’s largest mortgage lenders, originating and selling subprime loans through whole loan pool sales and market securitization in the secondary market. During this period, to be able to fulfill its buyback commitments and margin calls, it needed for H & R Block to give it financing under a credit line. However, Block wasn’t obligated to give Option One this funding, which is a fact that the mortgage lender neglected to tell its RMBS investors. When its revenues started to drop and it sustained substantial losses as the subprime mortgage market began to fail during the summer of 2006, Option One’s creditors started to ask for hundreds of millions of dollars in margin calls. (The SEC also claims that the mortgage lender’s losses were a threat to H & R Block’s credit rating while the tax service provider was negotiating its sale. Option One was sold by H & R Block to Wilbur Ross for about $1 billion.)

To settle the SEC allegations over RMBS fraud, Option One will not only pay the $28.2 million (A $10 million penalty, $14,250,558 in disgorgement, and $3,982,027 in prejudgment interest), but also, it has consented to a permanent order entry enjoining it from Securities Act of 1933 Sections 17(a)(2) and 17(a)(3) violations. The mortgage lender isn’t, however, denying or admitting to the charges.

Commenting on this RMBS case, SEC Division of Enforcement’s Structured and New Products Unit Chief Kenneth Lench spoke about the Commission’s commitment to act against parties that neglect to reveal pertinent facts that up an investment’s risk, even if the risks never becomes a reality. The SEC has been pursuing those believed to engaged in misconduct related to RMBS and other complex financial instruments.

The SEC isn’t the only one to sue Option One. In 2011, the mortgage lender settled Massachusetts securities charges against it by agreeing to pay $9.8 million in restitution and $115 million in loan modifications.

Read the SEC’s complaint (PDF)

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The Securities and Exchange Commission has given accelerated approval to a proposed rule change by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. The proposal modifies FINRA’s Dispute Resolution’s Code of Arbitration Procedure for Industry Disputes exempts collective actions from arbitration. The SEC decided to approve the proposed rule change after determining that it is consistent with not just the Exchange Act’s requirements, but also with regulations and rules applicable to a national securities association.

While class actions have been exempt from arbitration, small and large customers claims, employee disagreements, and complex cases have not. However, with the increase in collective actions, FINRA now believes that it is better to hear such actions submitted under the Equal Pay Act of 1963, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, and the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) in the courtroom.

“This seems to be a reversal of FINRA’s earlier goals to expand their arbitration system to perhaps even include class action cases,” said FINRA Securities Lawyer William Shepherd. “Noting that FINRA is really just a trade association of all securities dealers, the suspicions are that legislators and courts have become so friendly to Wall Street lately that they no longer need their own dispute forum to avoid responsibility for their misdeeds.”

Rep. John Larson (D-Conn.) and Rep. Chris Murphy (D-Conn.) are calling on the Commodities Futures Trading Commission to crack down on excessive energy market speculation. They believe that this type of speculation on oil that is “based on world events” is “abusive” and has been creating difficulties for Americans.

In their released statement, Murphy said that such speculation ups the price of a gallon of gas by 56 cents. The two lawmakers want the futures and option markets regulator to swiftly implement rules that have already been passed to curb excessive speculation.

In other commodities/futures trading news, last month the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas ordered two men and their company Total Call Group Inc. to pay over $4.8 million for allegedly producing false customer statements and making bogus solicitations related to an off-exchange foreign currency fraud. In CFTC v. Total Call Group Inc., Thomas Patrick Thurmond and Craig Poe will pay $1.62 million and $3.24 million, respectively. Per the agency, between 2006 through late 2008, the two men solicited about $808,000 from at least four clients for trading in foreign currency options.

Earlier this month, another company, registered futures commission merchant Rosenthal Collins Group LLC, consented to pay over $2.5 million over CFTC allegations that it did not adequately supervise the way the firm handled an account linked to a multibillion dollar Ponzi scam. The account, held in Money Market Alternative LP’s name, experienced “significant change” between April 2006 and April 2009 in how much money it took in. For instance, the CFTC says that even though the account at inception reported a $300,000 net worth and a $45,000 yearly income, deposits varied from $2 million to $14 million a year. RCG is also accused of failing to look into and report excessive wire activity involving the account. As part of the CFTC securities settlement, the financial firm consented to pay a $1.6 million fine and disgorge $921,260, which is how much RCT made in account fees.

Just three days before, the CFTC announced that its swaps customer clearing documentation rule packaging will expand open access to execution and clearing, enhance transparency, lower cost and risks, and generate competition. The rules will not allow arrangements involving swap dealers, designated clearing organizations, major swap participants, and futures commission merchants that would limit how many counterparties a customer can get into a trade with, impair a client’s ability to access a trade execution on terms reasonable to the best terms that already exist, limit the position size a customer can take with an individual counterparty, and not allow compliance for specified time frames for acceptance of trades into clearing. Also, the CFTC is thinking about adopting definitions for swap dealers, major security-based swap participant eligible contract participant, security-based swap dealer, and major swap participant. These entities were created under the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act.

Meantime, MF Global Inc. (MFGLQ.PK) liquidation trustee James Giddens reportedly believes that he can make claims against certain company employees. Possible claims again such persons could include allegations of customer funds segregation requirement violations and breach of fiduciary duty. Although MF Global had told regulators that it was unable to account for customer funds of up to $900 million when it filed for bankruptcy protection, investigators are now saying that this figure is closer to somewhere between $1.2 billion and $1.6 billion.

Commodities Futures Trading Commission

Trustee May Sue MF Officials, NY Times, April 12, 2011
CFTC Orders Rosenthal Collins Group, LLC, a Registered Futures Commission Merchant, to Pay More than $2.5 Million for Supervision and Record-Production Violations, CFTC, April 12, 2012
CFTC v. Total Call Group Inc.

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Per BDO Consulting and Network Inc.’s Quarterly Corporate Fraud Index, the Securities and Exchange Commission’s new whistleblower bounty program may be indirectly leading to a resurgence in corporate internal reporting mechanisms. The index recently reported that during 2011’s fourth quarter, there was a jump in internal reports from employees about fraud incidents. This represented about 21.6% of all compliance issues that are reported internally.

Reports related to fraud involve possible asset misuse, audit and accounting improprieties, and violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. Network CEO Luis Ramos told BNA that these high reporting numbers may be a result of overhauled processes that the organizations implemented in the wake of the establishment of the whistleblower bounty program, which was mandated by the the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act mandated. Changes have included revisions to anti-retaliation policies and better communication with the employees making the complaints. Many organizations also have now implemented predetermined investigative templates and processes, which allow them to more swiftly respond to a complaint.

Fear of punishment by an employer is one reason many employees prefer to report alleged wrongdoing to an outside source rather than internally. Also, the whistleblower bounty program aims to reward 10-30% of monetary penalties to the person who filed the initial report when the penalty against the offending party is greater than $1 million, which is proving to be additional incentive for going to the SEC. However, it is not a good idea to attempt to pursue your whistleblower case on your own. Our whistleblower recovery lawyers at Shepherd Smith Edwards and Kantas, LTD, LLP will be happy to provide you with a no obligation consultation. You can also visit our SEC Whistleblower Recovery Center online today.

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